earthquakes are destructive events in nature

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earthquakes are destructive events in nature

Earthquakes are destructive events in nature. The damage depends on the size or magnitude of the quake. There have never been so many people living in cities in quake zones, and so the worse the damage can be from a big quake, bringing fires, tsunamis, and the loss of life, property, and maybe an entire city. (C 35) We understand how earthquakes happen but not exactly where or when they will occur. Until recently, quakes seemed to occur at random. In Japan, government research is now showing that quakes can be predicted. At the Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Koshun Yamaoka says earthquakes do follow a pattern – pressure builds in a zone and must be released. But a colleague, Naoyuki Kato, adds that laboratory experiments indicate that a fault slips a little before it breaks. If this is true, predictions can be made based on the detection of slips. Research in the U.S. may support Kato’s theory. (C 37) In Parkfield, California earthquakes occur about every 22 years on the San Andreas fault. In the 1980s, scientists drilled into the fault and set up equipment to record activity to look for warning signs. When an earthquake hit again, it was years off schedule. At first the event seemed random but scientists drilled deeper. By 2005 they reached the bottom of the fault, two miles down, and found something. Data from two quakes reported in 2008 show there were two “slips’ – places where the plates widened – before the fault line broke and the quakes occurred.
We are learning more about these destructive events every day. In the future we may be able to track earthquakes and design an early-warning system. So if the next great earthquake does happen in Tokai, about 100 miles southwest of Tokyo, as some scientists think, the citizens of Tokai may have advance warning.

THAM KHẢO THÊM: the woman lives next my door is doctor

Câu hỏi số 34: What is the main idea of the passage?

Dịch nghĩa câu hỏi: Ý chính của đoạn văn là gì?

Đáp án A. We can predict earthquakes using pre-slip theory. (Giải thích: “may be able” not “can”)
Đáp án B. There are now many theories about earthquakes. (Giải thích: chỉ nhắc qua 2 theories không phải ý chính)
Đáp án C. Research is showing that we may be able to predict earthquakes.
Đáp án D. Earthquakes are the most destructive natural disaster on earth. (Giải thích: sai ” the most”)

Câu hỏi số 35: The underlined phrase “the worse the damage” in the passage means (lựa chọn đáp án!).

Dịch nghĩa câu hỏi: Cụm từ được gạch dưới “càng thiệt hại tồi tệ hơn” trong đoạn văn có nghĩa là (lựa chọn đáp án!).

Đáp án A. The result of a great earthquake is a tsunami or fire that causes great damage.
Đáp án B. Greater damage will occur from earthquakes in highly populated cities in danger zones.
Đáp án C. Tsunamis and fire are caused by big earthquakes that we have not been able to predict.
Đáp án D. Cities and other populous areas may suffer from worse earthquakes than other places.

Câu hỏi số 36: Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Dịch nghĩa câu hỏi: Phát biểu nào sau đây KHÔNG đúng?

Đáp án A. The San Andreas fault is two miles deep.
Đáp án B. Scientists in the U.S. found slips in the fault in the 1980’s. (Giải thích -> 2005)
Đáp án C. Earthquakes occur about every 22 years along the San Andreas Fault.
Đáp án D. The slip at a fault can predict when the fault will break.